For example, in surveys, observational studies or case studies, your data can be represented as numbers (e.g., using rating scales or counting frequencies) or as words (e.g., with open-ended questions or descriptions of what you observe). Many data collection methods can be either qualitative or quantitative. It is important to use a data collection method that will help answer your research question(s). Quantitative and qualitative data can be collected using various methods. Quantitative and qualitative research use different research methods to collect and analyze data, and they allow you to answer different kinds of research questions. The differences between quantitative and qualitative research Qualitative research is also at risk for certain research biases including the Hawthorne effect, observer bias, recall bias, and social desirability bias. This type of research enables you to gather in-depth insights on topics that are not well understood.Ĭommon qualitative methods include interviews with open-ended questions, observations described in words, and literature reviews that explore concepts and theories.
It is used to understand concepts, thoughts or experiences. Qualitative research Qualitative research is expressed in words. Quantitative research is at risk for research biases including information bias, omitted variable bias, sampling bias, or selection bias. This type of research can be used to establish generalizable facts about a topic.Ĭommon quantitative methods include experiments, observations recorded as numbers, and surveys with closed-ended questions. It is used to test or confirm theories and assumptions. Quantitative researchQuantitative research is expressed in numbers and graphs. Both are important for gaining different kinds of knowledge. When collecting and analyzing data, quantitative research deals with numbers and statistics, while qualitative research deals with words and meanings. Quantitative Research | Differences, Examples & Methods
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